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Description Quiz

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作者コメント
私は今回、世界遺産について調べると決まったときに、「フランスを扱いたい。」と思った。
特に深い思い入れがあったわけではないが、私にとって憧れの地で、いつか必ず訪れてみたい と思っているので、少しでもフランスの文化などに触れられたら、ということがきっかけだ。
その中でもアルルを選んだのは、ビゼー作曲の「アルルの女」がこの地が舞台であったということだ。 何度か弾いたこともあり、私のお気に入りの曲の1つなのだが、アルルに根付く力強さというものに凄く惹かれた。
また、ヴァン・ゴッホが滞在したこともあるというほど、アルルは魅力がある町なのである。
それを「世界遺産・古代のアルル」と「芸術・現代のアルル」という2つの視点から私なりに考えてみた。
2006.1 見田朋代


Pre-reading Questions
1. What country is Arles in?
2. What district is Arles?


Roman and Romanesque Monuments of Arles,France

Inscribed :1989 Criteria: C (ii)(iv)

Brief description
Arles is a good example of the adaptation of an ancient city to medieval European civilization. It has some impressive Roman monuments, of which the earliest ? the arena, the Roman theatre and the cryptoporticus (subterranean galleries) ? date back to the 1st century B.C. During the 4th century Arles experienced a second golden age, as attested by the baths of Constantine and the necropolis of Alyscamps. In the 11th and 12th centuries, Arles once again became one of the most attractive cities in the Mediterranean. Within the city walls, Saint-Trophime, with its cloister, is one of Provence's major Romanesque monuments.



Reading Passage:
Roman life in Arles

Arles today is an important reference for what is known the Roman way of life in France, and most of the city's Roman monuments are now protected by UNESCO.
Although once a Roman metropolis, the original city of Arles dates back to the 6th.Century BC when the Phocaean Greeks who established Marseilles moved further up the Rhone valley. By Caesar's day, the was a very important place whose strategic position was not lost on the soldier Emperor.
The forum, theatre, baths, circus and amphitheatre were all complete by the 4th. century AD.


Roman amphitheatre
One of Arles' many Roman sites, this amphitheatre was the twentieth largest in the Roman empire. It dates from the end of the 1st. Century and takes the form of a 136 metre-long oval. This amphitheatre can accommodate up to 12,000 spectators.

Theatre Antique
Built during the reign of the Emperor Augustus, the theatre could accommodate 12,000 spectators. The outer wall carried three arcaded levels in a semi-circle. Restoration has ensured that about half the tiered seating still remains.

Saint-Trophime church and cloister
Located at the center of the Arles, the Roman cathedral is characterised by its magnificent portal consecrated to the last judgement. The cloister adjacent to the cathedral is one of the finest in the western world. Built between the 12th and the 14th century, the cloister consists of two Roman gothic galleries opening on a central courtyard and gothic galleries opening on an inner courtyard.

Tourisme en Provence, Alpes, Cote d’Azur

Van Gogh
During his stay in Arles between February 1888 and May 1889, Vincent Van Gogh did about 300 drawings and paintings. In the city, the places where Van Gogh set up his easel are pointed out by panels representing his works.
Ten spots have been thus indicated : The Place du Forum for the "Evening Cafe", the Trinquetaille bridge for the "Staircase of the Trinquetaille bridge", the Rhone River quay for the "Starry Night", the Place Lamartine for the "Yellow House", the Rue Mireille for the "Old Mill", the Summer Garden on the Boulevard des Lices for the "Public Garden", the Espace Van Gogh for the "Hospital Garden", the road along the Arles a Bouc canal for the "Langlois bridge with washerwomen". The Arena and the Alyscamps were also depicted in several paintings.

Tips etc.
アルルの女
実話に基づくドーデーの小説と言われている。
しかし、題名にも使われている「アルルの女」は本や劇にには台詞などは一切なく、象徴的に描かれているそうだ。

ヴァン・ゴッホ
アルル市内にはゴッホが暮らしたアパートや足繁く通ったカフェ(星空のカフェテラス)、 自分の耳介を切り落として入院した病院、ゴッホの跳ね橋など、彼に縁の場所がたくさんある。

古代遺跡
ローマ帝国が滅びると市民は、これらの遺跡から石を運び出し、教会や住宅を作ったと言われている。
そのため、古代劇場が円形ではなく、半円形であるのが考えられる。

Notes

Rhone valley
ローヌ谷

Roman empire
古代ローマ帝国

Emperor Augustus
オーガスタス皇帝

cloister
回廊

gothic
ゴシック様式の

courtyard
中庭
Web Sites

Office de Tourisme d'Arles
フランス政府観光局オフィシャルサイト
Tourisme en Provence, Alpes, Cote d’Azur
ヨーロッパ趣味の旅(プロヴァンスの旅)
La Vraie Provence -真のプロヴァンス探求サイト-

www.shejapan.com > World Heritages > Arles

by T.MIta, Aoyama Gakuin College of Economics

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