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カールズバッド洞窟群国立公園は世界遺産に登録されたのは 1995年と12年前のことですが、世界遺産の中では比較的最近のものといえます。 そのためか中国の万里の長城やフランスのヴェルサイユ宮殿など有名なものと比べてると、 日本では知名度がとても低いです。 実際のところ、私もこの課題に取り組む前には、その存在を知りませんでした。 しかしアメリカではツアーが組まれ、毎年多くの人が訪れている人気スポットの1つです。 ひんやりとした洞窟の中には大小さまざまな部屋があり、ユニークな形をした鍾乳石や 蝙蝠の巨大な群れによるショーを見ることができます。 この素敵な自然遺産にいつかは訪れてみたいと思いました。
2007年 12月 坂本翔
Pre-reading Questions:
1. Have you ever been in Carlsbad Caverns National Park?
2. What state is Carlsbad Caverns National Park in?

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Carlsbad Caverns National Park, United States of America

Inscribed :1995 Criteria:N (vii, viii)

・Brief description:
This karst landscape in the state of New Mexico comprises over 80 recognized caves. They are outstanding not only for their size but also for the profusion, diversity and beauty of their mineral formations. Lechuguilla Cave stands out from the others, providing an underground laboratory where geological and biological processes can be studied in a pristine setting.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre


Reading Passage

Carlsbad Caverns National Park is a United States National Park located in the Guadalupe Mountains in (A) New Mexico.There are 83caves in the Park.

(1)Visitors can hike into the interior rooms on their own via the natural entrance, or take an elevator (the exit for everyone) directly down into the center of the public cave area.
Approximately (B) of the park has also been set aside as a wilderness area, helping to ensure no future changes will be made to the habitat. Peak visitation typically occurs on the weekends following Memorial Day and the 4th of July. The park entrance is located on US Highway 62/180 approximately 18 miles (29 km) southwest of Carlsbad, New Mexico.

For detail on the area's geology, see Delaware Basin. The Delaware Basin in West Texas and southern New Mexico is famous for holding large oil fields and for exposing a fossilized reef. Guadalupe Mountains National Park and Carlsbad Caverns National Park protect part of the basin.

Sixteen species of bats live in the park, including a large number of Mexican Free-tailed Bats. It is estimated that the population of Mexican Free-tailed Bats once numbered in the millions but has declined drastically in modern times. The cause of this decline is unknown but the pesticide DDT is often listed as a primary cause. Populations appear to be on the increase in recent years but are nowhere near the levels that were once historically present. Many techniques have been used to estimate the bat population in the cave. The various techniques used point to a current population peak of several hundred thousand when the young pups are flying in the fall.

Jim White explored many of the rooms and gave them their names, including the Big Room, New Mexico Room, King's Palace, Queen's Chamber, Papoose Room, and Green Lake Room. He also named many of the cave's more prominent formations, such as the Totem Pole, Witch's Finger, Giant Dome, Bottomless Pit, Fairyland, Iceberg Rock, Temple of the Sun, and Rock of Ages.

(2) Carlsbad, the town, and, thus, Carlsbad Caverns National Park, supposedly take their name from Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad), Czech Republic, meaning literally, Charles' Baths, in German.

Tips
カルスト地形:石灰岩などの水に溶解しやすい岩石で構成された大地が 雨水などによって溶食されてできた地形。

DDT:有機塩素系の殺虫剤、農薬。1873年に初めて合成され、 1939年にスイスの科学者パウル・ヘルマン・ミュラーにより殺虫効果が発見された。

カルロヴィ・ヴァリ:チェコ・ボヘミア西部の都市。世界的に有名な温泉地で知られている。

Media: Carlsbad Caverns Geology



























































































Notes

karst
カルスト地形

Guadalupe
グアダルペ

wilderness area
自然保護区域

habitat
(動植物の)生息地、生息環境
basin
盆地

fossilize
化石化する

pesticide
殺虫剤、農薬

DDT
ジクロロ・ジフェニル・トリクロロ・エタン

Karlovy Vary
カルロヴィ・ヴァリ

Czech Republic
チェコ共和国
References

Carlsbad Caverns National Park - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
カールズバッド洞窟群国立公園 - Wikipedia
YouTube “carlsbad cavern”
USATODAY.com

www.shejapan.com > World Heritages > Carlsbad Caverns National Park

by Sakamoto Sho, Aoyama Gakuin College of Economics

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