Archaeological Site of Epidaurus エピダウロスの古代遺跡
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  私はヨーロッパの町並み、人柄がすごく好きなのですが、 いまだにヨーロッパに行ったことがなく、今回調べることでヨーロッパをより身近なものに感じたいと思っています。
  現代「癒し」という言葉をよく耳にしますが、このエピダウロスの 古代遺跡は癒しの聖地で、ギリシャ一の保存状態の良い劇場だと知り興味をもちました。 みなさんも「癒し」に敏感になっていたら、是非覗いてみてください!! 今回、私は英語のクイズを作る事にすごく苦戦をしました。 また、パソコンでのweb作りが初めての体験でとっても難しかったです。しかし、調べることに よってより深く知ることができたことと、 自分自身がさらに興味が持てたのでよかったです。 私が選んだエピダウロスの古代遺跡を見て少しでも興味を持ち、 多くの人に知ってもらえたら嬉しいです。
青山学院大学 経済学部 経済学科  浅尾 真規


Pre-reading Questions:
1. What country is Archaeological Site of Epidaurus in?



Archaeological Site of Epidaurus

Date of Inscription: 1988 Criteria: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi)

Brief Description
In a small valley in the Peloponnesus, the site of Epidaurus sprawls out over several levels. The cult of Asclepius first began there in the 6th century B.C., but the principal monuments, particularly the theatre ? considered one of the purest masterpieces of Greek architecture ? date from the 4th century. The vast site is a tribute to the healing cults of Greek and Roman times, with temples and hospital buildings devoted to its gods.
UNESCO World Heritage Centre


Reading Passage
History
Epidaurus was independent of Argos and not included in Argolis until the time of the Romans. With its supporting territory it formed the small territory called Epidauria. Reputed to be the birthplace of Apollo's son, Asklepios the healer, Epidaurus was known for his sanctuary situated about five miles from the town, as well as its theater, which is once again in use today. The cult of Asklepios at Epidaurus is attested in the 6th century BC when the older hill-top sanctuary of Apollo Maleatas was no longer spacious enough.

 

    The asclepieion at Epidaurus was the most celebrated healing center of the Classical world, the place where ill people went in the hope of being cured. To find out the right cure for their ailments, they spent a night in the enkoimitiria, a big sleeping hall. In their dreams, the god himself would advise them what they had to do to regain their health. There are also mineral springs in the vicinity which may have been used in healing.
Asklepios, the most important healer god of antiquity, brought prosperity to the sanctuary, which in the 4th and 3rd BC embarked on an ambitious building program for enlarging and reconstruction of monumental buildings. Fame and prosperity continued throughout the Hellenistic period. In 87 BC the sanctuary was looted by the Roman general Sulla and in 67 BC it was plundered by pirates. In the 2nd century AD the sanctuary enjoyed a new upsurge under the Romans, but in AD 395 the Goths raided the sanctuary.
Even after the introduction of Christianity and the silencing of the oracles, the sanctuary at Epidauros was still known as late as the mid 5th century, though as a Christian healing center.

The Theater
The prosperity brought by the Asklepieion enabled Epidauros to construct civic monuments too: the huge theater that delighted Pausanias for its symmetry and beauty, which is used once again for dramatic performances, the ceremonial Hestiatoreion (banqueting hall), baths and a palestra. The theater was designed by Polykleitos the Younger in the 4th century BC. The original 34 rows were extended in Roman times by another 21 rows. As is usual for Greek theaters (and as opposed to Roman ones), the view on a lush landscape behind the skene is an integral part of the theater itself and is not to be obscured.
The theater is marveled for its exceptional acoustics, which permit almost perfect intelligibility of unamplified spoken word from the proscenium or skene to all 15,000 spectators, regardless of their seating (see Ref., in Greek). Famously, tour guides have their groups scattered in the stands and show them how they can easily hear the sound of a match struck at center-stage.
Epidaurus-Wikipedia

 ギリシャのその他の建築物を紹介します!!


Treasury of Athenians; Greece, Delphi.
In the age of 20C. some part had repaired and rebuilt. The style of this building is called style. The columns are Dorian Order. The pediment and the frieze. The relief of the metopes. The hight of the 30 metopes are almost 70cm.


Theatre Argos; Greece, Argos.
Argos, which was a polis of Dorian in BC.8-7c, once had belonged to Mycenae. The capacity of the theater was about 20,000 people (10,000 people now). The theater has 90 steps (83 steps now) while Delphi's has 35 steps and Epidauros's has 55 steps. The sound control is excellent. Greek theater normally has not a roof but this theater should have a roof. There is a hole on every 13steps which seems to the hole for pillars to support a roof.

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Argos
アルゴス:ギリシャ南東部の古代都市

Argolis
アルゴリス:古代ギリシャの一地方

Apollo
《ギリ・ローマ神話》アポロ, アポロン:光・音楽・詩・予言・医術の神.

Asklepios
《ギリ神話》アスクレピオス:医術の神

Hellenistic periods
ヘレニズム時代

the Goths
ゴート人

Hellenistic periods
ヘレニズム時代

Pausanias
パウサニアス。二世紀頃、古代ギリシャの地誌学者。

Polykleitos
ポリュクレイトス。古代ギリシアの彫刻家。

Web Sites
Archaeolojical Sites of Epidaurus & Mycenae
ATHENS & EPIDAURUS FESTIVAL
World Heritage Sites in Greece
The World Heritage.com

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by Maki Asao, Aoyama Gakuin College of Economics

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