Aoyama Gakuin College of Economics students

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8.What Is Global Warming?


Temperature of the Earth (地球の温度)

地球温暖化が原因で消えてしまうかもしれない恐れにさらされている
インド洋に浮かぶ美しい島モルディブ

Choose the correct answer.

The ( 1.      )near the surface of the earth is determined by the balance between solar radiation energy and heat reflected from earth to outer (2.  ). Sunlight warms the surface of the earth, which then cools down when the heat (infrared rays) is released from it.

1.  1. temperature 2.heats 3.humidity
2.  1. space  2.sun 3.moon
  
If heat exchange (1.  )this simple, then the surface of the earth would cool down rapidly as soon as solar radiation stops, with only heat reflection continuing. In reality, however, heat-absorbing atmospheric gases absorb a certain percentage of heat (infrared rays) reflected from the surface of the earth.
1.  1. were  2.are 3.was
 
The atmosphere, thus warmed, radiates infrared rays out toward space and back toward the surface of the earth, warming the latter. In this manner, the earth surface temperature is kept at around (1.  ) (global average), realizing an environment suited for the existence of humans, animals, plants and other life forms.
1.  15 2 -18
 
The natural process of heating the surface of the earth by sunlight is called the "greenhouse effect," and the infrared-absorbing gases in the atmosphere are called "greenhouse gases." If not for greenhouse gases, the temperature of the earth would drop by over 30 to about -18 .

Source:What Will Happen to the Earth? What Do We Do for the 21st Century? (Environment Agency)

Human Activities and Global Warming (人間の活動と地球温暖化)
Since the Industrial Revolution at the end of the (1.  )th century, there has (2.  )a marked increase in the emission of greenhouse gases (mainly carbon dioxide), in proportion to industrial expansion.
1.  18  5 21
2.1. been  2.be 3.being
 
As well, artificial greenhouse gases that (1.  )not exist before the Industrial Revolution, such as CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) and sulfur hexafluoride, have been produced, and are being released into the atmosphere. (2.  ) greenhouse gases destroy the heat exchange balance, keeping greater amounts of heat in the atmosphere and (3.    」the earth (i.e. intensifying the greenhouse effect) and raising the temperature near the surface of the earth to undesirable levels. This phenomenon is (4.   )global warming.
1.1. did  2.do 3.does
2.1. Increased  2.Increase 3.Increasing
3.1. on   2.at 3.in
4.1. called  2.call 3.calling

 

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